In response to the growing global demand for long-term care (LTC), this study developed a person-centred vignette tool structured around six key domains (6As) to collect qualitative data on how LTC systems meet the needs of older adults across countries. The study involved creating functional disability profiles, developing a standardised yet country-specific vignette, and conducting reviews and pilot testing.
The vignette tool proved effective in engaging participants and illuminating LTC trajectories, offering a person-centred approach for cross-country comparison. However, variations in national LTC contexts revealed challenges in adaptability, highlighting the need for further refinement to strengthen its application across diverse settings.
This policy brief draws on a comprehensive literature review and expert insights to examine key policy gaps and the social, cultural, and economic barriers limiting immunisation among older adults in the Asia Pacific, with a focus on Australia, Singapore, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
It identifies four priority areas for intervention—education, persuasion, incentivisation, and enablement—to strengthen vaccine delivery, engagement, and confidence. Recommendations are presented across three levels: individuals, communities, and healthcare systems, to support improved vaccine uptake among older adults in the region.
This technical report presents findings from a multi-component study examining factors influencing vaccination uptake among older adults across four Asia Pacific health systems: Australia, Singapore, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It identifies key barriers and facilitators to immunisation, highlights country-level experiences, and showcases regional best practices. These insights inform recommended strategies to strengthen vaccine delivery, build confidence, and improve uptake among older adults. This technical report presents the findings of Phase II of Immunisation of Older Adults in the Asia Pacific: Barriers, Facilitators and Strategies to Improve Access to Vaccines, a multi-country research study examining factors influencing vaccination uptake among older adults. Focusing on Hong Kong and Japan, the report explores shared challenges associated with rapidly ageing populations alongside high life expectancy. It identifies key barriers to immunisation, highlights best practices in vaccine delivery and stakeholder engagement, and proposes evidence-informed recommendations to strengthen vaccine confidence and improve uptake among older adults across the Asia Pacific region.